Close-up image of a plantar wart on the sole of a foot, illustrating the typical appearance caused by HPV infectionPlantar warts are a common foot condition that can be painful and unsightly. If you’ve noticed a rough, grainy growth on the bottom of your foot, it could be a plantar wart. While these warts are not typically dangerous, they can be uncomfortable and difficult to treat. In this article, our Kennesaw podiatrist explores the causes of plantar warts and how to address them effectively.

Causes of Plantar Warts

Plantar warts are growths that appear on the soles (or plantar surfaces) of your feet. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which infects the skin and leads to the formation of the wart. Plantar warts are usually small, rough, and have a hardened surface, often with tiny black dots in the center, which are blood vessels. These warts can be painful, especially when pressure is applied to them while walking or standing. Here are some key factors that increase the likelihood of developing plantar warts.

Direct Contact with HPV

Plantar warts are highly contagious and spread through direct contact with surfaces or objects contaminated with the HPV virus. The virus thrives in warm, moist environments, which is why public places such as swimming pools, locker rooms, and communal showers are common locations for transmission.

Broken or Damaged Skin

If the skin on the bottom of your feet is cracked or injured, HPV can more easily enter the body and cause an infection. This is why plantar warts are more common in people who frequently walk barefoot or have dry, cracked skin on their feet.

Weakened Immune System

Individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with diabetes or undergoing treatments like chemotherapy, are at a higher risk of developing plantar warts. A compromised immune system may have a harder time fighting off the HPV virus.

Sharing Personal Items

Sharing personal items like towels, socks, or footwear with someone who has plantar warts can increase the chances of spreading the virus. It's important to avoid sharing footwear or going barefoot in communal areas to reduce the risk of contracting HPV.

Having Close Contact with an Infected Person

If you have close contact with someone who has plantar warts, such as family members or friends, the virus can be easily transmitted. Skin-to-skin contact, particularly with the feet, can allow the virus to spread.

Are There Certain Risk Factors for Plantar Warts?

Certain factors can increase your risk of developing plantar warts.

  • Children and Adolescents: Younger individuals are more likely to develop plantar warts, as they have weaker immune systems and may be more prone to walking barefoot in public areas.

  • Foot Trauma: If your feet have been injured, either from rough surfaces or ill-fitting shoes, this can create an entry point for the virus.

  • Frequent Exposure to Wet Areas: Walking barefoot in areas like swimming pools, gyms, and public showers exposes your feet to conditions that are conducive to HPV infection.

  • Weak Immune System: Conditions such as HIV, diabetes, or autoimmune diseases can make it harder for your body to fight off infections, including HPV.

How Can I Prevent Plantar Warts?

While it's not always possible to prevent plantar warts, there are several steps you can take to reduce your risk.

Avoid Walking Barefoot in Public Places

Wearing flip-flops or shower shoes in public pools, locker rooms, and gyms can help protect your feet from coming into direct contact with the virus.

Keep Your Feet Clean and Dry

HPV thrives in moist environments, so it’s essential to keep your feet clean and dry. After showering or swimming, dry your feet thoroughly, especially between the toes.

Don't Share Personal Items

Avoid sharing towels, socks, shoes, or other personal items with others, particularly if you’re aware that they have plantar warts.

Wear Proper Footwear

Wear shoes that fit properly and protect your feet from injury. Consider cushioned insoles or padded shoes to reduce pressure on the soles of your feet and avoid creating openings in the skin that could allow the virus to enter.

Treat Foot Injuries Promptly

If you get a cut, scrape, or wound on the bottom of your feet, make sure to clean and disinfect it immediately to reduce the chances of HPV entering through the damaged skin.

How Are Plantar Warts Treated?

If you develop a plantar wart, there are several treatment options available:

  • Over-the-Counter Treatments: Products that contain salicylic acid can help break down the wart over time. These treatments are available as gels, pads, or ointments.

  • Cryotherapy (Freezing): A doctor may apply liquid nitrogen to freeze the wart and destroy the tissue. This treatment can be effective but may require multiple sessions.

  • Swift Therapy: In some cases, swift therapy may be used to remove stubborn warts by targeting the infected tissue with microwave energy.

  • Immune Therapy: Some treatments stimulate the immune system to fight the virus, potentially helping to clear the wart.

When Should I See a Podiatrist?

It’s a good idea to consult with a podiatrist if your plantar wart: 

  • Causes significant pain or discomfort.

  • Doesn’t respond to over-the-counter treatments.

  • Recurs after treatment.

  • Is located on the bottom of your foot or in a spot where it’s difficult to treat.

  • Shows signs of infection, such as redness, warmth, or pus.

If you’re struggling with plantar warts, don’t hesitate to contact us to reach out to our Kennesaw podiatrist for expert advice and treatment options. A podiatrist can provide you with a more effective treatment plan and help ensure the wart is removed safely.